Höggva

古ノルス語辞書 - höggva

古ノルス語の単語「höggva」の意味（またはhǫggva）

クリースビー＆ヴィグフソンの古ノルス語から英語への辞書による定義:

古ノルス語の単語höggvaは以下の意味を持つことができます:höggva

höggva (hǫggva): also spelt heyggva, Sæm. (Kb.); pres. höggr, mod. also heggr; pl. höggum, mod. höggvum; pret. hjó, hjótt, hjó, mod. hjó, hjóst, hjó; pl. hjoggum and hjuggum, mod. only the latter form; a Norse pret. hjoggi = hjó, D. n. ii. 331; pret. subj. hjöggi and heyggi, mod. hjyggi; part. högginn, mod. but less correct, höggvinn, which also is freq. in the Editions; but in the MSS. usually abbreviated, högḡ, höggͭ, = högginn, höggit: [not recorded in Ulf.; A. S. heawan; Engl. hew, hack; Hel. hauwan; O. H. G. houwan; Germ. hauen; Dan. hugge; Swed. hugga]:—höggva denotes to strike with an edged tool, slá and drepa with a blunt one:

höggva (hǫggva): 1. to strike, smite with a sharp weapon; höggr sá er hlífa skyldi, he strikes who ought to shield, a saying: to deal blows with a weapon, hann görði ymist hjó eða lagði, Nj. 8; hann hjó títt ok hart, passim; höggva báðum höndum, 29; h. sverði, öxi, strike with, i. e. to brandish, a sword, axe, FmS. v. 168, GS. 6; h. til e-s, to deal a blow to one, smite, Grág. ii. 7, Al. 78; h. e-n bana-högg, to smite with a deathblow, Eg. 220: to cut down, destroy, þeir hjuggu drekann mjök, FmS. vii. 249: to maim, ef maðr höggr hund eða björn til háðungar manni, Grág. ii. 121; h. rauf á hjálmi, Al. 78: the phrases, h. sik í lends manns rétt, FmS. ix. 399: spec. phrases, höggðú allra manna armastr, nú hjóttu Noreg ór hendi mér! Ek þóttumk nú Noreg í hönd þér höggva, Ó. H. 184.

höggva (hǫggva): 2. to put to death, behead, FmS. vii. 250, 251, xi. 148–152: to kill, högg þú hestinn, Nj. 92: to kill cattle, slaughter, h. bú, búfé, kýr, geitr, naut, Landn. 293, Eg. 532, FmS. vi. 95, xi. 123, Fb. i. 186: höggva strandhögg, Eg. 81.

höggva (hǫggva): 3. to fell trees; höggva skög, Grág. ii. 294; h. keyrivönd, id.: absol., hann hefir höggit í skógi mínum, Nj. 98, passim: to cut grass (rarely), ef maðr höggr hey á hlut annars manns, n. G. l. ii. 112; upp höggvit gras, cut grass, Dipl. iv. 9, Jm. 7, (else always slá of mowing.)

höggva (hǫggva): 4. to bite, of snakes (högg-ormr); Miðgarðsormr hjó hann til bana, Edda 155; naðran hjó fyrir flagbrjóskat, 76: of a wound from a boar’s tusk, ef svín höggr mann, Gþl. 190: the phrase, h. hest sporum, to prick a horse with the spur, Mag. 9.

höggva (hǫggva): II. with prepp.; höggva af, to hew or cut off; h. af kampa ok skegg, to cut off the beard, K. Þ. K.; h. af lim, SkS. 555; to kill, slaughter, h. af fé, Ld. 64; höggva af sér, to parry off, FmS. v. 13:—h. niðr, to cut down, i. 38; to kill, butcher, vii. 261, Orkn. 120; hjuggu þeir niðr mungát sitt (by cutting casks to pieces), FmS. vii. 249:—h. upp, to cut down a tree, GrEg. 48, Matth. iii. 10; h. upp skip, to break a ship up, FmS. iii. 228, ix. 381; h. upp hús, to break a house up, viii. 166:—h. ór, to cut out, metaph. to make even; vóru margar greinir þær er ór þurfti at h. milli biskups ok leikmanna, BS. i. 751; láta konung ok erkibiskup ór h. (smooth) sagðar greinir, 773.

höggva (hǫggva): III. reflex. to be cut, hacked; hjósk skjöldr Helga, Dropl. 24.

höggva (hǫggva): 2. recipr. to exchange blows, fight; þeir hjuggusk nokkura stund, Háv. 56; þeir h. til í ákafa, Bret. 74.

höggva (hǫggva): 3. metaph., höggvask í mitt mál, to begin abruptly, in the middle of a sentence; taka heldr at upphafi til, en höggvask í mitt mál, Landn. 275, v. l.; ef enn höggsk nokkurr í ok mælir svá, cuts in, objects, Skálda 168: þótti honum nú taka mjök um at höggvask, things looked hard, Grett. 142; þótti honum hart um höggvask, BS. i. 423.

正書法: クリースビー＆ヴィグフソンの本では、元の古ノルス語の母音ǫを表すためにöを使用しました。したがって、höggvaはhǫggvaとしてより正確に書かれるかもしれません。

ヤンガーフザルク文字での可能なルーン文字:ᚼᚢᚴᚴᚢᛅ
ヤンガーフザルク文字は、8世紀から12世紀にかけてスカンジナビアとその海外植民地で使用されました

使用されている略語：

A. S.: Anglo-Saxon.

Dan.: Danish.

Engl.: English.

f.: feminine.

freq.: frequent, frequently.

Germ.: German.

gl.: glossary.

Hel.: Heliand.

l.: line.

m.: masculine.

mod.: modern.

n.: neuter.

O. H. G.: Old High German.

part.: participle.

pl.: plural.

pres.: present.

pret.: preterite.

S.: Saga.

subj.: subjunctive.

Swed.: Swedish.

Ulf.: Ulfilas.

i. e.: id est.

spec.: specially.

s. v.: sub voce.

v.: vide.

absol.: absolute, absolutely.

id.: idem, referring to the passage quoted or to the translation

L.: Linnæus.

metaph.: metaphorical, metaphorically.

reflex.: retlexive.

pr.: proper, properly.

recipr.: reciprocally.

v. l.: varia lectio.

引用された作品と著者：

D. N.: Diplomatarium Norvagicum. (J. II.)

Kb.: Konungs-bók. (B. I, C. I, etc.)

Sæm.: Sæmundar Edda. (A, C. I.)

Al.: Alexanders Saga. (G. I.)

Eg.: Egils Saga. (D. II.)

Fms.: Fornmanna Sögur. (E. I.)

Grág.: Grágás. (B. I.)

Gs.: Grótta-söngr. (A. II.)

Nj.: Njála. (D. II.)

Ó. H.: Ólafs Saga Helga. (E. I.)

Fb.: Flateyjar-bók (E. I.)

Landn.: Landnáma. (D. I.)

Dipl.: Diplomatarium. (J. I.)

Jm.: Jóns-máldagi. (J. I.)

N. G. L.: Norges Gamle Love. (B. II.)

Edda: Edda. (C. I.)

Gþl.: Gulaþings-lög. (B. II.)

Mag.: Magus Saga. (G. II.)

Bs.: Biskupa Sögur. (D. III.)

Greg.: Gregory. (F. II.)

K. Þ. K.: Kristinn-réttr Þorláks ok Ketils = Kristinna-laga-þáttr. (B. I.)

Ld.: Laxdæla Saga. (D. II.)

Orkn.: Orkneyinga Saga. (E. II.)

Sks.: Konungs Skugg-sjá. (H. II.)

Dropl.: Droplaugar-sona Saga. (D. II.)

Bret.: Breta Sögur. (G. I.)

Háv.: Hávarðar Saga. (D. II.)

Grett.: Grettis Saga. (D. II.)

Skálda: Skálda. (H. I.)

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