SYNGJA

Old Norse Dictionary Entry

SYNGJA

Old Norse Dictionary Entry

Definitions

1 SYNGJA

pres. syng; pret. saung or söng, pl. sungu; subj. syngi; imperat. syng, syngdu; part. sunginn; older syngva, and then even sounded singva, as seen from rhymes, þings, singva., Eb. 27 new Ed. l. 24, in a verse of the 10th century: [Ulf. siggwan = ἄδειν; A. S. and O. H. G. singan; Engl. sing; Dan. synge; Swed. and early Dan. sjunga]:—to sing, prop. to ring, clash, of metals, weapons; to whistle, of wind, or the like; hurð syngr í lási, Fms. iii. 67; syngr í atgeirinum, Nj. 44, 119; bítia þat sverð, nema sjálfum þér syngvi um höfði, Hkv. 2; (örvar) sungu á mínum skjaldi, Eb. (in a verse); sverð saung of vanga mér, Kormak; það syngr í reiðanum, syngr í böndum, of the rigging of a ship in a storm, see Lex. Poët.: of the swan’s single sad note, syngi, syngi svanir mínir.

2 SYNGJA

II. to sing, in tunes; sungu ok slungu snúðga steini, Gs. (of the maids at a hand-mill); s. sálm, to sing a hymn.

3 SYNGJA

2. in an eccl. sense; s. messu, to sing the mass, Nj. 157; prestr á eigi at syngva fleiri messur enn tvær, K. Þ. K. 21 new Ed.; s. messu heiman, Bs. i. 440; um morguninn er sungnar vóru tíðir, Fms. x. 10; ok sungu upp responsorium, 15; s. psaltara, Bs. i. 74, Fms. xi. 274; syngja tíðir, to chant the ‘hours,’ passim: absol. to officiate in a mass, þar söng prestr sá er Þrándr hét, Fms. ix. 232; þangat söng haun einn hátíðar-dag, Bs. i. 435: spec. phrases, s. e-n til moldar, ‘to sing a person into the earth,’ to perform the funeral rites; þeim lærðum manni er mik syngr til moldar gef ek þrjú kúgildi, Dipl. iv. 8; syngja yfir e-m, to sing over one, i. e. to sing the burial service; syngja yfir líki, þær tiðir er til byrjar, N. G. L. i. 16, and so in mod. usage (yfir-söngr); also of the sick, Fms. vii. 39; s. e-n í bann (bannsyngja), to chant an excommunication, Bs. i. 768.

4 SYNGJA

III. pass., þann tíma er söngst óttu-söngr, Fms. vii. 310; þá er messa syngst, Am. 101; skal syngjast messa, Dipl. i. 10; syngjandi sálu-messa, iv. 8.

Runic Inscription

ᛋᚢᚾᚴᛁᛅ

Possible runic inscription in Younger Futhark

Abbreviations Used

Common Abbreviations

A. S.
Anglo-Saxon.
absol
absolute, absolutely.
absol.
absolute, absolutely.
ch
chapter.
Dan
Danish.
Dan.
Danish.
eccl
ecclesiastical.
eccl.
ecclesiastical.
Engl
English.
Engl.
English.
esp
especially.
f.
feminine.
gl
glossary.
gl.
glossary.
i. e.
id est.
id
idem, referring to the passage quoted or to the translation
imperat.
imperative.
l.
Linnæus.
m.
masculine.
mod
modern.
mod.
modern.
n.
neuter.
O. H. G.
Old High German.
p.
page.
part
participle.
part.
participle.
pass.
passive, passively.
pl.
plural.
pres.
present.
pret.
preterite.
prop
properly.
prop.
properly.
S.
South, Southern.
sing
singular.
spec.
specially.
subj.
subjunctive.
Swed
Swedish.
Swed.
Swedish.
Ulf.
Ulfilas.
v.
vide, verb.

Works & Authors

Am.
Auðunnar-máldagi. (J. I.)
Bs.
Biskupa Sögur. (D. III.)
Dipl.
Diplomatarium. (J. I.)
Eb.
Eyrbyggja Saga. (D. II.)
Fms.
Fornmanna Sögur. (E. I.)
Gs.
Grótta-söngr. (A. II.)
Hkv.
Helga-kviða Hundingsbana. (A. II.)
K. Þ. K.
Kristinn-réttr Þorláks ok Ketils = Kristinna-laga-þáttr. (B. I.)
Lex. Poët.
Lexicon Poëticum by Sveinbjörn Egilsson, 1860.
N. G. L.
Norges Gamle Love. (B. II.)
Nj.
Njála. (D. II.)

About

Old Norse Dictionary project aims to provide a comprehensive searchable dictionary based on the legendary Cleasby-Vigfusson work.

It includes abbreviations, works & authors, and authentic runic inscriptions.

Support

Quick Links

Copyright © 2025 Old Norse Dictionary
"Fornjóts synir eru á landi komnir"