KROSS

Old Norse Dictionary Entry

KROSS

Old Norse Dictionary Entry

Definitions

1 KROSS

m.; the earliest poets use the Lat. form, but as masc., helgum crúci, Edda 92 (in a verse); merki crúcis, Líkn. 52, which form remains in the pr. name Krysi-vík, Kryci-vika, q. v.; [like A. S. and Engl. cross, Hel. cruci, Germ. kreuz, Swed.-Dan. kors, from Lat. crux]:—a cross, Bs., N. T., Pass., Vídal. passim.

2 KROSS

2. the holy rood, crucifix, in the Roman Catholic times; Valgarðr braut krossa fyrir Merði ok öll heilög tákn, Nj. 167; taka kross í hönd sér, of one taking an oath, Grág. i. 64; hann lét einn gullkross göra ok síðan vígja, Fms. vi. 142; í bríkum ok krossum, Bs. i. 132. These holy roods were erected on high roads, and worshipped,—hón hafði bæna-hald sitt á Krosshólum, þar lét hón reisa krossa, Landn. 111; þeir höfðu krossa tvá, þá er nú eru í Skarði inu eystra, merkir annarr hæð Ólafs konungs en annarr hæð Hjalta Skeggjasonar, Bs. i. 21: allit., kirkja eðr kross, fara til kirkju eða kross, to go to worship at church or cross, Hom. (St.); hann kom hvárki til kross né kirkju, Art. 21; hafnar-kross, Bs. i. 607, (see höfn); hinn þriðja dag í Jólum at kveldi var hón at krossi, she was worshipping at a cross, 370, cp. 607; kross-smíð, the carving of a cross, Ann. 1334. Many local names bear witness to this cross-worship, which answers to the hörgar of the heathen age, cp. the passage in Landn. l. c.; Þorkell er svá baðsk fyrir at krossi, gott ey gömlum manni, gott ey ungum manni, Landn. 45. Kross, Kross-á, Krossár-dalr, Kross-áss, Krossa-nes, Krossa-vík (whence Krossvíkingar, Ísl. ii), Kross-holt, Kross-hólar, Kross-sund, as also Krysi-vík (q. v.) in southern Icel., prob. from a harbour cross being erected there, Landn., Sturl., the map of Icel., cp. Engl. and Scot. Holy Rood:—the name of several ancient poems, Kross-drápa, Kross-vísur. 3. the sign of the cross (signa or signa sig); Skíði görði skyndi-kross skjótt með sinni loppu, Skíða R. 125; í kross, adv. cross-wise, in form of a cross; þat kallaði hann svá er í kross var sprungit, Glúm. 383; ok var hvártveggi brenndr í kross, Nj. 209; þat hafði hann helzt til trúar, at hann blés í kross yfir drykk sínum, Fs. 103.

3 KROSS

4. a cross used to summon people to a meeting (the Scot. Fiery cross), called skera kross, Grág. i. 166, 446, 447, N. G. L. i. 11, 348, 378, answering to the heathen her-ör.

4 KROSS

COMPDS: krossalauss, krossband, krossbinda, krossbúza, krossdúkr, krossfall, krossfé, krossferill, krossför, Krossgildi, krossgötur, krosshús, krossmaðr, krossmaðra, krossmark, krossmerki, Krossmessa, krossmessudagr, krosspísl, KrossSaga, krossskjöldr, krossskurðr, krosstákn, krosstíðir, krosstré, krossurt, krossvarða, krossvegr, krossviðr, krossvíti.

Runic Inscription

ᚴᚱᚢᛋᛋ

Possible runic inscription in Younger Futhark

Abbreviations Used

Common Abbreviations

A. S.
Anglo-Saxon.
adv
adverb.
adv.
adverb.
allit.
alliteration, alliterative.
ch
chapter.
cp
compare.
cp.
compare.
Dan
Danish.
Dan.
Danish.
Engl
English.
Engl.
English.
Germ
German.
Germ.
German.
gl
glossary.
gl.
glossary.
Hel.
Heliand.
Icel
Iceland, Icelander, Icelanders, Icelandic.
Icel.
Iceland, Icelander, Icelanders, Icelandic.
l.
Linnæus.
l. c.
loco citato.
Lat
Latin.
Lat.
Latin.
lit
literally.
lit.
literally.
loc
local, locally.
m.
masculine.
masc.
masculine.
n.
neuter.
opp
opposed to.
p.
page.
pr.
proper.
prob
probable, probably.
prob.
probable, probably.
q. v.
quod vide.
R.
Rimur.
S.
South, Southern.
Scot.
Scottish.
Swed
Swedish.
Swed.
Swedish.
v.
vide, verb.

Works & Authors

Ann.
Íslenzkir Annálar. (D. IV.)
Art.
Artus-kappa Sögur. (G. II.)
Bs.
Biskupa Sögur. (D. III.)
Edda
Edda. (C. I.)
Fms.
Fornmanna Sögur. (E. I.)
Fs.
Forn-sögur. (D. II.)
Glúm.
Víga-Glúms Saga. (D. II.)
Grág.
Grágás. (B. I.)
Hom.
Homiliu-bók. (F. II.)
Landn.
Landnáma. (D. I.)
N. G. L.
Norges Gamle Love. (B. II.)
N. T.
New Testament.
Nj.
Njála. (D. II.)
Pass.
Passiu-Sálmar.
Sturl.
Sturlunga Saga. (D. I.)
Vídal.
Vídalíns-Postilla.

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